| A
ABSCESS - a local infection. A Severe decay,
periodontal disease, or trauma are causative
factors. It is characterized by swelling and
pain. If an abscess ruptures, it will be accompanied
by sudden relief from pain due to a reduction
in ssure. A foul taste may also be noticed.
ABUTMENT - a term used to denote the teeth on
either side of a missing tooth.
ACRYLIC RESIN - the plastic widely used in dentistry
to make dentures.
ACTIVE ERUPTION - the emergence of the tooth
from its position in the jaw.
ADHESION - the sticking together of unlike substances
ADJUSTMENT - a modification made upon a dental
prosthesis after it has been completed and inserted
into the mouth.
AEROBIC BACTERIA - bacteria which grow in oxygen
rich environments; in the oral cavity the bacteria
are found outside the sulcus.
AFFERENT - nerves that carry sensory messages
toward the brain.
AGAR - a gelatin like substance obtained from
seaweed; used in impression materials.
ALGINATE - an impression material used by dentists
for making stone models.
ALVEOLECTOMY - an operation where portions of
the alveolar bone are removed.
ALVEOLAR BONE - the bone surrounding the root
of the tooth; loss of this bone is typically
associated with severe periodontal disease.
ALVEOLAR CREST - the highest portion of alveolar
bone.
ALVEOLAR EMINENCE - outline of the root on the
facet portion of the bone.
ALVEOLAR PROCESS - the portion of the mandible
or maxilla that surrounds the root of a tooth.
ALVEOLUS - the bony socket in which the root
of the tooth sits.
AMALGAM - or silver filling; an alloy in which
one of the metals is mercury. Below are the
approximate percentages of the component elements:
ANAEROBIC BACTERIA - bacteria that do not need
oxygen to grow; they are generally associated
with periodontal disease.
ANODONTIA - the developmental absence of teeth.
ANTIBIOTIC - substance produced by or derived
from bacteria which is able to inhibit or kill
other bacteria.
ANTIMICROBIAL - destroying or inhibiting the
growth of bacteria.
ANATOMICAL CROWN - the portion of the tooth
that is covered with enamel.
ANTISCEPTIC - A chemical agent which can be
applied to living tissues to destroy germs.
ANESTHESIA - medication which relieves the sensation
of pain.
ANNIVERSARY YEAR - begins on the day of the
month that the patients' insurance became effective.
ANOMALY - a deviation from the normal or expected
outcome.
ANTAGONIST - a structure that opposes or counteracts
another structure.
ANTERIOR - situated in front of.
ANTERIOR TEETH - the front teeth (incisors and
cupids).
ANUG - Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis.
An acute, painful condition characterized by
severe gingival redness, spontaneous bleeding,
foul breath and pain.
APEX - the pointed extremity of a structure.
APICAL FORAMEN - the opening at the end of the
root of a tooth through which the tooth receives
its nerve and blood supply.
APPOSITION - the laying down of, or addition
of.
ARCH - a curvature; both the maxillary and mandibular
ridge form a horseshoe shaped arch.
ARTICULATING PAPER - carbon paper; placed between
the upper and lower teeth to mark contact.
ARTICULATOR - a mechanical device used to replicate
functional movements of the jaw to casts.
ASSIGNMENT OF BENEFITS - a clause in an insurance
policy that allows the insured person to direct
the carrier's payment to the dentist.
ASPIRATOR - The tube-like straw which the dentist
place in your mouth for suction.
ASYMMETRY/ SYMMETRY - To be esthetic, tooth
Size, shape and gum contour should be as close
to identical from one side of the mouth to the
other. Ideally, the incisal edges of your teeth
should follow the contour of the upper lip.
ATTACHMENT LEVEL - a numerical measure of the
amount of attachment of the periodontal ligament
to a tooth; the number is generally determined
by combining a pocket depth measurement with
a measurement of gingival recession. Attachment
level is considered one of the most important
measures of periodontal disease progress or
treatment success
ATTRITION - the wearing away of tooth structure
through normal use (ie. chewing, biting, etc.).
AXON - the process that carries impulses away
from the cell body of a nerve.
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B
BACK TEETH - see POSTERIOR
TEETH
BENEFIT YEAR - generally begins on the month of
the year that the employer purchased the plan.
BICUSPIDS - or having two cusps. The first and
second bicuspids; they are the fourth and fifth
teeth from the center of the mouth, respectively.
These are the back teeth that are used for chewing.
BIFURCATION - having two branches, or dividing
into two parts.
BILATERAL - both sides.
BIRTHDAY RULE - applies when a child is covered
under both parent's plans; the plan of the parent
who's birthday (month and day, not year) falls
earlier in the calendar year is billed first (in
cases of divorce or separation, other factors
pertain).
BITEWING - a single X-ray that shows the upper
and lower teeth's biting surfaces on the same
film.
BLEACHING - cosmetic whitening of teeth using
peroxide.
BOLUS - chewed up mass of food and saliva.
BONDING - the covering of a tooth surface to correct
stained or damaged teeth.
BRIDGE - a fixed appliance (prosthesis) that replaces
missing teeth. A bridge is a series of attached
crowns (abutments and pontics).
BRUXISM - or the grinding of teeth, usually occurs
during sleep.
BUCCAL - or pertaining to the cheek.
BUCCINATOR MUSCLE - the cheek muscle.
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C
CALENDAR YEAR - January
1st to December 31st.
CALCIFICATION - the process of hardening through
the deposition of lime salts.
CALCULUS - hard calcium like deposits which form
on teeth and dentures.
CANAL - the narrow chamber inside the root of
a tooth that contains nerve tissue and blood vessels.
CANINES - See CUSPIDS; so named because the correspond
to the long teeth of a dog.
CAPITATION PLAN - a plan whereby the dentist is
contracted with the administrator to provide dental
services to persons covered under the program
in return for payment on a per-capita basis.
CARIOGENIC - or cancer-causing
CARIES - medical term for decay; caused by decalcification
of the enamel and disintegration of the dentin
by acid producing bacteria.
CARIOGENIC - or decay-causing
CARRIER - the party (usually an insurance company)
that pays claims and collects premiums.
CARRYOVER - If the deductible was paid last year,
the next year (or quarter, Jan., Feb. and March)
they do not have to pay the deductible again.
CAST - reproduction of the mouth in stone or plaster.
CAVITY - see CARIES.
CEMENT - a dental material used to seal inlays,
onlays, and crowns; also used for pupal protection.
CEMENTUM - makes up the dull yellow outer surface
of the roots.
CENTRIC OCCLUSION - the relationship of the occlusal
surfaces of one arch to those in the opposing
arch at physical rest position.
CENTRIC RELATION - the relationship of the maxillary
arch to the mandibular arch when the condyle is
in its most retracted position.
CERVICAL - pertaining to the neck of a tooth.
CERVIX - the neck of the tooth; the area where
the crown joins the root or the enamel joins the
cementum.
CHEEK POUCH - the area of the mouth inside the
cheek.
CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC - an agent of a chemical nature
which exerts an antimicrobial effect.
CINGULUM - a raised area on the lingual surface
of anterior teeth.
CLASP - the metal part of a partial denture and
which helps to retain, support, and stabilize
the appliance.
CLEANING - See PROPHYLAXIS.
CLEFT PALATE - an opening in the palate.
CLINICAL CROWN - that portion of the tooth visible
in the mouth, extending from the occlusal or incisal
edge to the crest of the free gingiva.
CLOSED PANEL - a plan where the covered patient
only receives benefits if the services are provided
by a dentist contracted with the plan's administrator.
COL - a "V-shaped depression in the facial-lingual
interdental papilla located cervically to the
contact area of the tooth.
COMMUNITION - crushing or grinding to a powder.
COMPLETE SERIES - See FULL-MOUTH X-RAYS.
COMPOSITE FILLING - tooth-colored restorative
material. The word "composite" refers to the mixture
of filler particles in a liquid resin. Commonly,
the resin used is BIS-GMA (bis-gammamethylmetacrylate).
Filler particles are added to alter the color
and wear characteristics. Common filler particles
are silica, aluminum, zinc, tin, copper and iron.
CONCAVE - curving inward away from the viewer.
CONTACT AREA - that portion of the proximal surface
of a tooth that touches the adjacent tooth.
CONVEX - curving outward toward the viewer.
COSMETIC DENTISTRY - aesthetic improvement of
the color and shape of teeth performed by a general
dentist.
CREST - a prominence or ridge.
CROSS CONTAMINATION - Passing disease indirectly
from one patient to another through the use of
improper sterilization procedures.
CROWN - full coverage for a tooth (used when the
tooth cannot be restored by a filling).
CURETTAGE - the surgical scraping of bacteria
from soft tissue. This is a periodontal procedure
and is usually performed one quadrant at a time.
CUSPID - the third tooth from the center of the
mouth towards the back, also known as canines.
CUSPS - elevated points on the chewing surfaces
of back teeth (posterior teeth).
CUSTOM TRAY - an individual tray; custom made
to fit a patient's mouth.
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D
DEBRIDEMENT - treatment
of a bacterial infection by removing irritants
(bacteria, calculus) from the periodontal pocket
so as to allow healing of adjacent tissues.
DECALCIFICATION - The loss of calcium from your
teeth, weakening the teeth and making them more
susceptible to decay
DECIDUOUS TEETH - baby teeth; teeth that exfoliate
or shed. see PRIMARY TEETH.
DEDUCTIBLE - the amount paid by the patient before
the carrier begins benefit payments.
DEGLUTITION - swallowing.
DEMINERALIZATION - loss of mineral from tooth
enamel just below the surface in a carious lesion;
usually appearing as a white area on the tooth
surface.
DENDRITE - the process that conducts impulses
toward the cell body of a nerve.
DENTAL MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION (D.M.O.) - a legal
entity that accepts the responsibility of providing
services at a fixed price.
DENTAL RESIN - a dental material applied to the
tooth which is used in cases of severe dentinal
hypersensitivity; usually not used unless all
other treatment attempts have failed.
DENTAL VARNISH - a hypersensitivity treatment
which sometimes contains sodium fluoride; applied
to the tooth surface, covering the outer surface
of dentin and thus blocking transmission of stimuli
to the pulp.
DENTIN - the hard, yellowish tissue underlying
the enamel and cementum; it makes up the major
bulk of the tooth.
DENTINAL TUBULES - microscopic canals that run
from the outside of the dentin to the nerve inside
the tooth.
DENTITION - the natural teeth as a unit.
DENTURE - a removable appliance (prosthesis) that
replaces missing teeth in either the upper or
lower jaw.
DESENSITIZATION - the blocking of painful stimuli
which cause dentinal hypersensitivity.
DESICCATE - to make dry; to remove all moisture.
DESQUAMATION - a peeling of gingival tissue; in
cases of desquamative gingivitis, the tissues
may appear smooth and shiny, with patches of bright
red and gray. Surface tissue may peel away, exposing
a raw, bleeding, painful surface.
DEVELOPMENTAL DEPRESSION - a concavity in a surface
that formed while the tooth was developing.
DIAGNOSIS - the process of identifying the nature
of a disorder.
DIAGNOSTIC - procedures performed by the dentist
to identify what's going on in the mouth.
DIASTEMA - a space between the teeth.
DILACERATION - an abnormal tooth that where both
the crown and the root are twisted.
DIPHYODONT - having two successive sets of teeth.
DIRECT CONTAMINATION - Direct contact with impurities
or germs.
DISINFECTION - A cleaning process which destroys
the majority of microorganism, but not highly
resistant forms such as bacterial and mycotic
spores.
DISINFECTANT - A chemical agent which is applied
onto inanimate surfaces to destroy germs.
DISPOSABLE MATERIALS - materials intended for
one-use and discarded. (e.g.: Gloves, paper gowns,
cotton rolls, etc.)
DISTAL - the surface of the tooth farthest from
the midline of the dental arch.
DIVERGENT - spread.
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E
EDEMA - swelling resulting
from fluid accumulation in gingival tissues.
EDENTULOUS - having no teeth.
EFFERENT - the nerves that carry motor messages
away from the brain.
EMBRASURE - the space between two teeth created
by the sloping away of the mesial and distal surfaces.
EMINENCE - a prominence.
EMPRESS - Type of porcelain crown and porcelain
veneer/laminate. The advantage Empress is that
it blends very nicely with the surrounding teeth;
it is very esthetic.
ENAMEL - the hard, white shiny surface of the
crown; composed of 95% calcium hydroxyapatite.
ENDODONTICS (ENDO) - the treatment of diseases
or injuries that affect the root tip or nerve
of the tooth.
EROSION - The dissolution of tooth structure due
to the presence of gastric juices or citrus. Erosion
seldom occurs alone; it is often accompanied by
attrition or abrasion (or both) to varying degrees.
Acidic foods, such as citrus fruits and juices
should be avoid in patients with signs of erosion.
ERUPTION - the moving of the tooth occlusally.
EXCLUSION - services not covered by a dental plan.
EXFOLIATE - to shed.
EXPLORER - a probe used to detect cavity growth.
EXTERNAL - on the outer surface.
EXTRACTION - the removal of teeth.
EXTRAORAL - Outside the mouth.
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F
FACIAL - the surface
next to the face; the outer surface of a tooth
resting against the cheeks or lips.
FEE SCHEDULE - a set amount paid by the insurance
company regardless of the doctor's fee.
FILTRUM - the dimple or indentation under the
nose directly above the upper lip.
FISSURE - cleft-like grooves in the chewing surface
of the back teeth.
FISTULA - an abnormal passage formed in the gum
tissue through which an abscessed tooth drains.
FLUORIDE - topical application of a gel or liquid
that prevents decay.
FLUOROSIS - discoloration of the enamel due to
excessive fluoride absorption (greater than one
1 part per million) into the bloodstream, also
called enamel mottling.
FORAMEN - an opening in bone.
FORNEX - vault or arch shaped.
FOSSA - a shallow depression on the lingual (tongue)
surfaces of some front teeth.
FREE GINGIVA - the marginal part of the gingival
(gums) that can be deflected from the tooth surface;
it forms a collar around the tooth.
FRENUM - a fold of mucous membrane that connects
two parts.
FRONT TEETH - See ANTERIOR TEETH.
FULL MOUTH X-RAYS - X-rays showing all the teeth.
Includes 14 periapicals and 4 bitewings, also
known as a complete series.
FURCATION - an area where the root divides.
FURROW - a groove.
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G
GALVANIC CURRENT -
a current of electricity produced by chemical
action between two metals suspended in liquid.
GENDER RULE - when a child is covered under both
parent's plans, the father's plan is billed first
(in cases of divorce or separation other factors
must be considered).
GENERAL ANESTHESIA - relieves the sensation of
pain.
GENERAL DENTIST - primary care provider for patients
in all age groups.
GERIATRIC DENTIST - general dentist who primarily
treats senior citizens.
GINGIVA - the soft tissue surrounding teeth, also
known as the gums.
GINGIVAL CREST - the prominent edge of occlusal
or incisal gingiva.
GINGIVAL HYPERTROPHY - The abnormal enlargement
of the gingiva surrounding the teeth caused by
poor oral hygiene or the use of certain medications.
GINGIVECTOMY - the removal of soft tissue surrounding
the tooth; typically used in the treatment of
periodontal disease.
GINGIVITIS - inflamed and swollen gum tissue most
commonly caused by plaque. If left untreated,
may lead to periodontitis.
GOLDON PROPORTION - The guidelines which dentists
use in determining the most esthetic appearance
of a particular tooth (teeth need to maintain
a certain height to width ratio to look their
best.)
GROOVE - a long, narrow depression.
GUTTA PERCHA - material used in the filling of
root canals.
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H
HANDPIECE - the instrument used to hold and revolve
burs in dental operations.
HEAT-STERILIZING - Use of an autoclave or dry-heat
sterilizer to kill all potential disease-causing
agents that remain following patient treatment.
Any instruments that is not heat stable and cannot
tolerate high temperatures should be thoroughly
cleaned and soaked in disinfectant chemicals.
HETERODONT - different types of teeth within the
same dentition (ie. incisors, canines, molars).
HISTO-DIFFERENTIATION - development into a specialized
tissue.
HISTOLOGY - the study of tissues.
HOMODONT - the presence of only one type of tooth
in the dentition.
HYPERPLASIA - over-growth of a part; an increase
in the number of cells.
HYPERSENSITIVITY - a sharp, sudden painful reaction
in teeth when exposed to hot, cold, chemical,
mechanical or osmotic (sweet or salt) stimuli.
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I
IDEAL OCCLUSION -
a complete harmonious relationship of the teeth
and masticatory system.
IMMEDIATE DENTURE - a complete or partial denture
made before the natural teeth are extracted.
IMPACTION - an unerupted or partially erupted
tooth that will not fully erupt into the mouth
because of an obstruction.
IMPLANT - a post that is implanted into bone.
A crown, bridge, or denture is then placed over
the implant to restore function and esthetics.
IMPRESSION TRAY - formed in the general shape
of the mouth, used for taking impressions.
INCENTIVE PROGRAM - a dental plan where the percentage
of benefits increase each year as the patient
receives regular, annual dental care (preventive
treatment). If the patient fails to go to the
dentist each year, the percentage drops back to
where it started.
INCISORS - the central and lateral incisors; the
first and second teeth from the midline of the
mouth.
INLAY - a gold, porcelain, or composite custom-made
filling cemented into the tooth. If it covers
the tips of the teeth, it is called an onlay.
INCISAL EDGE - the cutting edge, ridge, or surface
of anterior teeth.
INSERTION - the movable end of a muscle.
INTERCUSPATION - interlocking; a cusp-to-fossa
relationship of the maxillary to mandibular teeth.
INTERPROXIMAL - the space between two adjacent
surfaces.
IINTRAORAL - Inside your mouth.
INVAGINATION - to enclose within.
INVISALIGN - The system is a way to move teeth
without the use of conventional brackets and
archwires. Basically, a series of clear plastic
trays are computer fabricated with each tray
gradually shifting the teeth into proper alignment.
The system works best for minor tooth movements.
IONTOPHOR - the process of introducing a drug
through the dental enamel by use of an electrical
current; often used in the treatment of dentin
hypersensitivity.
IRRIGATION - the technique of using a solution
to wash out your mouth.
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J
JAW - a common name
for the maxilla or mandible.
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K
No terms Available
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L
LABIAL - relating
to the lip; another name for the facial surface
of anterior teeth (next to the lip).
LAMINATE VENEER - a porcelain, or composite covering
which is bonded to restore discolored, or damaged
teeth.
LATERA L - to the side.
LEAST COST ALTERNATIVE - an insurance policy clause
that allows the insuring company to pay for the
least expensive treatment.
LESION - any wound or local degeneration.
LINGUAL - the surface of a tooth nearest the tongue;
relating to the tongue.
LOBE - center of tooth formation.
LOCAL ANESTHESIA - relieves the sensation of pain
in a localized area.
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M
MALOCCLUSION - any deviation from the ideal positioning
of the teeth or jaws.
MAMELON - small elevations of enamel present on
the incisors as they erupt.
MANAGED CARE PLANS - plans that restrict the type,
level, and frequency of treatment; these plans
limit access to care and control the level of
service reimbursement (ie. DMO's, Capitation plans,
and Closed Panel plans).
MANDIBLE - the lower jaw.
MARYLAND BRIDGE - A type of Bonded Bridge.
Its main difference from conventional bridges
is in the reduced amount of abutment preparation
necessary. Only the lingual surfaces of the
abutments are reduced.
MASTICATION - chewing.
MASTICATORY SYSTEM - the teeth and surrounding
structures: jaws, temporomandibular joint, muscles,
lips, and tongue.
MAXILLAE - the upper jaw.
MEDIAL - relating to the middle or medial plane.
MENTAL - relating to the chin.
MERCURY - a metal, component of amalgam fillings.
MESIAL - is the surface of the tooth nearest
the midline of the dental arch.
MICRO ABRASION - a drill-free technique using
an instrument resembling a tiny sand blaster
that delivers tiny aluminum oxide particles
to the surface of teeth.
MIDLINE - imaginary line through the middle
of an object which divides it into two equal
parts.
MIXED DENTITION- The developmental stage when
both deciduous and permanent teeth are present.
MOLAR - the first, second and third molars;
these are the sixth, seventh and eighth teeth
from the center of the mouth, respectively.
MOUTHGUARD - a soft-fitted device which protects
teeth against impact or injury.
MUCOSA - the thin, outer pink or red membrane
lining the inside of the oral cavity.
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N
NASAL - relating to
the nose.
NEURON - a nerve cell.
NEOPLASM - a proliferation of cells interfering
with surrounding tissues; refers to cancer.
NICOTINE PATCHES - typically worn for 24 hours
over several weeks, supplying a steady flow of
nicotine. The main brands include: Habitrol, Nicoderm,
Nicotrol and Prostep. Over the course of treatment
the amount of nicotine in the patch gradually
decreases. Studies have shown that this method
has approximately a 25 % success rate.
NIGHTGUARD - a removable acrylic appliance to
minimize the effects of grinding (bruxism) and
TMJ associated problems.
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O
OBLIQUE RIDGE - a
linear elevation that transverses a surface.
OCCLUDE - to bring together.
OCCLUSAL - relating to the biting surface of teeth.
OCCLUSAL EQUILIBRATION - process of refining and
perfecting the occlusion.
OCCLUSAL GUARD - see NIGHTGUARD.
OCCLUSAL PLANE - The imaginary surface on which
upper and lower teeth meet.
OCCLUSAL TRAUMA - results from excessive force
placed on a normal dentition, i.e. grinding
and clenching of teeth. If left uncontrolled,
occlusal trauma may result in rapid attachment
loss and bone destruction.
OCCLUSION - the relationship of the teeth in
a closed position in both the maxillary and
mandibular arch.
ONLAY - A laboratory processed restoration made
of metal, porcelain or acrylic that replaces
one or more of cusps of a tooth.
OPAQUING - covering the metal work of a prosthesis
with a material so that it doesn't show through.
OPEN BITE - increased distance between the two
arches; space between the front upper and lower
teeth when the back teeth are touching.
ORAL CAVITY - the mouth.
ORAL SURGERY (O.S.) - surgery of the mouth.
ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGEON - treats and
surgically corrects diseases, injuries and defects
of the mouth and jaws.
ORAL PATHOLOGIST - examines oral tissues for
evidence of suspected abnormalities such as
cancer.
ORIGIN - the fixed end of a muscle.
ORTHODONTICS - a branch of dentistry dealing
with irregularities of the teeth and their correction.
ORTHODONTIST - designs and applies corrective
and supportive appliances, braces, to realign
crooked teeth.
OSTEOBLASTS - Cells which aid in the growth
and development of teeth and bones.
OSTEOCLASTS - Cells which help remodel bone.
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P
P.A. - see PERIAPICAL.
PALATE - roof of the mouth.
PALATAL SURFACE - the surface of the maxillary
teeth nearest the palate.
PALMER'S NOTATION- An identification system
for teeth; widely used to designate individual
teeth amongst orthodontists.
PANOREX - a single, large x-ray taken outside
of the mouth that shows all the teeth on one
film.
PARTIAL DENTURE - a removable appliance that
replaces some of the teeth in either the upper
or lower jaw.
PASSIVE ERUPTION - describes the process by
which teeth continue to erupt into the mouth
as tooth structure is lost to attrition and
wear.
PATHOGENS - Disease producing organism
PATHOLOGY - The study of abnormal (diseased)
tissue conditions.
PEDODONTICS (PEDO)
- the treatment of children's teeth.
PELLICLE - the first step in plaque formation;
a clear, thin covering containing proteins and
lipids (fats) found in saliva. It is formed
within seconds after a tooth surface is cleaned.
PERIAPICAL - an x-ray that shows the whole tooth,
also known as a single film or P.A.
PERIAPICAL ABSCESS - infection of the pulp of
the tooth and tissues surrounding the base of
the tooth.
PERICORONITIS - infection of the tissue overlying
a partially erupted tooth. Treatment involves
keeping this tissue clean and free of bacteria.
PERIODONTAL CHARTING - measures the pocket depth
resulting from attachment loss between the gums
and teeth.
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT - the fibers which suspend
the tooth in the bony socket; it is attached
at one end to the cementum, and at the other
end to the alveolar bone of the socket.
PERIODONTAL MAINTENANCE - cleaning of the teeth
following periodontal treatment, includes perio
charting.
PERIODONTAL POCKET - the pocket that forms when
the gums lose attachment from the teeth.
PERIODONTAL PROBE - a dental instrument used
to measure pocket depth.
PERIODONTAL PROPHY - see Periodontal Maintenance.
PERIODONTAL RECALL - see Periodontal Maintenance.
PERIODONTICS (PERIO) - the treatment of diseases
of the gum.
PERIODONTIST - diagnoses and treats diseases
of the tissues supporting and surrounding the
teeth, especially periodontal, gum, disease
PERIODONTITIS - a form of periodontal disease
affecting adults resulting in destruction of
alveolar bone.
PERIODONTIUM - the structures that surround
and support the teeth.
PERMANENT DENTITION - see PERMANENT TEETH.
PERMANENT TEETH - the teeth that replace the
deciduous or primary teeth.
PHONETICS - production of sounds.
PIT - a pinpoint depression in the occlusal
surface od a tooth.
PLAQUE - a sticky film that accumulated on teeth.
PLASTER OF PARIS - gypsum, used to make models
of teeth.
POLISHING - a dental procedure that removes
stain, plaque and acquired pellicle by using
an abrasive polishing paste in a rubber cup
attached to a slow-speed handpiece.
POLYPHYODONT - possessing several sets of teeth
during a lifespan.
PONTIC - the component of a bridge that replaces
the missing teeth.
PORCELAIN - a tooth-colored sand like material;
much like enamel in appearance.
PORCELAIN VENEER - ultra-thin shells of ceramic
material bonded to the front of the tooth.
POSTERIOR TEETH - the back teeth (Bicuspids
and molars).
POSTPALATAL SEAL - an elevation of material
on the back (tissue side) of a denture; for
the purpose of sealing the denture.
PPO - see PREFERRED PROVIDER ORGANIZATION.
PREDETERMINATION - the doctor notifies the insurance
company beforehand of the intended treatment
and the insurance company estimates the benefits
that will be paid.Â
PREFERRED PROVIDER ORGANIZATION (PPO) - A plan
where the patient can go to any dentist they
choose, or they can choose a preferred dentist
and receive discounted fees. These plans are
listed on our system as Preferred and Non Preferred.
PREMOLARS - two-cusped teeth immediately in
front of molars.
PREVENTIVE - a procedure performed to aid in
preventing decay and/ or gum disease.
PRIMARY PLAN - when a patient is covered by
two insurance plans, the plan that is billed
first is the primary plan.
PRIMARY TEETH - the baby teeth, also known as
the primary dentition.
PRIMATE SPACING - the normal spacing between
primary anterior teeth.
PROCERA - Procera is a type of Porcelain Crown.
They are one of the strongest all-porcelain
crowns available. Procera's framework is computer
generated; porcelain is then added to the structure.
PROPHY - see PROPHYLAXIS.
PROPHYLAXIS - a general meaning to clean the
teeth, also known as a prophy.
PROSTHETICS - a fixed or removable appliance
used to replace missing teeth (ie. bridges,
partials, and dentures).
PROSTHODONTIST - constructs artificial appliances
designed to restore and maintain oral function
by replacing missing teeth and other oral structures
such as dentures
PROXIMAL - nearest the point of attachment;
the mesial or distal surface of the tooth.
PROXIMAL SURFACE - the surface of the tooth
adjacent to the next tooth; refers to the mesial
and distal surfaces.
PUBLIC HEALTH DENTIST - concerned with the dental
health needs of entire communities, and can
design and administer large-scale prevention
and dental care programs by compiling and analyzing
statistics
PULP CANAL - the portion of the pulp in the
root.
PULP CHAMBER - the portion of the pulp in the
crown of the tooth.
PULP HORN - the portion of the pulp chamber
that extends towards the cusp.
PULP TISSUE - the soft (not calcified) tissue
in the pulp chamber; composed of blood vessels
and nerves.
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Q
QUADRANT - denotes
one of four equal sections in the mouth. The upper
right, upper left, lower right or the lower left.
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R
RADIOGRAPHIC - referring
to x-rays.
RADIOSURGERY - surgical technique that uses radio
waves to produce a pressureless, bloodless incision.
RAPHE - a union of soft tissue.
RCT - see ROOT CANAL THERAPY.
REBASE - process where only the tissue surface
of a denture is replaced by new material.
RELATIVE VALUE SCHEDULE (RVS) - procedures are
given a point value based upon their degree of
difficulty. Each procedure is also assigned a
given a dollar amount. The dollar amount is then
multiplied by the point value to determine what
the insurance company will pay.
RESIN FILLING - see COMPOSITE FILLING.
RESORB - to dissolve into the tissue.
RESTORATIONS - any replacement for lost tooth
structure or teeth (ie. bridges, fillings, crowns
and implants).
RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY - process of restoring missing,
damaged or diseased teeth to normal form and function.
RETAINER - a removable appliance used to maintain
teeth in a given position (usually worn at night).
RIDGE - a linear elevation.
ROOT CANAL THERAPY (RCT) - procedure used to save
an abscessed tooth in which the pulp chamber is
cleaned out, disinfected, and filled with a permanent
filling.
ROOT PLANING - the removal of hard deposits from
the root surface below the gumline.
ROOT TRUNK - that portion of the root that is
not bifurcated or trifurcated.
RUGAE - elevated folds or wrinkles of soft tissue
in the front part of the palate.
RVS - see RELATIVE VALUE SCHEDULE.
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S
SAGITTAL PLANE - An
imaginary longitudinal vertical plane that divides
the mouth into two halves (left and right.)
SCALING - scraping of the tooth above the gums.
SEALANTS - the application of a clear resin over
the biting surfaces of teeth to prevent decay.
SECONDARY PLAN - when a patient is insured by
two plans, the plan that is billed second is the
secondary plan.
SIGNATURE ON FILE - the insured person signs a
form stating that the payments made by the carrier
go to the dentist. This form expires 1 year from
the date it is signed.
SINGLE FILM - see PERIAPICAL.
SLOUGHING - a condition in which the gingival
tissue deadens and peels away from the living
tissue.
SOCKET - a cavity in the bone, see ALVEOLUS.
SOFT PALATE - the back 1/3 of the roof of the
mouth composed of soft tissue.
SOMATIC - nerves that supply muscles.
SONICARE - electric toothbrush. Vibrates at over
31,000 brush strokes per minute. Most models offer
a 3 - minute timer to let you know when you're
done.
SPACE MAINTAINERr - A dental appliance used to
maintain space in the mouth.
SPILLWAY - see EMBRASURE.
STAIN, EXTRINSIC - stain located on the outside
of the tooth surface originating from external
substances such as tobacco, coffee, tea or food;
usually removed by polishing the teeth with an
abrasive prophylaxis paste.
STAIN, INTRINSIC - stain originating from the
ingestion of certain materials or chemical substances
during tooth development, or from the presence
of caries. This stain is permanent and cannot
be removed.
SUBMUCOSA - the layer of tissue under the mucous
membrane.
SUCCEDANEOUS - a tooth that replaces or succeeds
another.
SULCUS - a broad depression on the chewing surfaces
of your back teeth.
SUPERGINGIVAL - the area above the gingival margin.
SUPERNUMERARY TEETH - Extra teeth, in addition
to the development of the normal 32.
SURGICAL TEMPLATE - a clear tray used in immediate
denture fabrication.
SUTURE - a joining of two bones, also stitxhes.
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T
TARTAR - see CALCULUS.
TEETHING - baby teeth pushing through gums.
TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT (TMJ) - temporo (temporal
bone), mandibular (lower jaw). This is the connecting
hinge between the lower jaw and base of the skull.
Also known as T.M.J.. T.M.J. treatment is sometimes
paid under medical.
TERMINAL MESIAL STEP - the position of a vertical
plane along the distal surfaces when the deciduous
second molars are in Class I position.
TERMINAL PLANE - the distal surfaces of the maxillary
and mandibular deciduous second molars that are
on the same line or plane.
THIRD MOLAR - see WISDOM TOOTH.
TMD - temporomandibular disorder; a problem with
the joint that connects the lower jaw with the
skull. Typically associated with a pop and pain
in the joint.
TOPICAL - applied directly to an infected area
for treatment.
TRANSVERSE RIDGE - a linear elevation that crosses
a surface (usually the occlusal surface).
TRIANGULAR RIDGE - a linear elevation that forms
a triangle.
TRIFURCATION - forked or divided into three parts.
TUBERCLE - a small, rounded projection.
TUBEROSITY - a large, rounded projection.
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U
ULTRASONIC - the conversion
of high frequency electrical current into mechanical
vibrations.
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS - These precautions require
all dental staff involved in patient care to use
appropriate protective wear, such as gloves, masks
and eyewear. After each patient visit, the gloves
must be discarded, hands washed and a new pair
of gloves donned for the next patient. These precautions
are considered universal because they are used
for each and every patient to prevent the transmission
of infectious diseases.
USUAL, CUSTOMARY AND REASONABLE (UCR) - the doctor's
fee is considered usual, customary, and reasonable
if it meets the following requirements: 1. Usual:
the doctor's usual fee is charged; 2. Customary:
if the doctor's fee falls in the same range as
other dentists in the area; 3. Reasonable: the
doctor's modified fee is justified because of
special circumstances.
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V
VENTRAL - the underside,
used when speaking of the tongue; thus the ventral
surface of the tongue is the underside of the
tongue.
VERMILION - red.
VIRGIN TEETH - teeth that are free from decay
or restorations.
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W
WAIVER OF DEDUCTIBLE
- under some policies certain procedures are excluded
from the deductible.
WISDOM TOOTH - the third molar; the eighth tooth
from the center of mouth.
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X
XEROSTOMIA - dryness
of the mouth.
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Y
No Terms Available
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Z
No Terms Available
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